Monday, April 7, 2025

Tomorrow - TWW S7E22

 






Original airdate: May 14, 2006

Written by: John Wells (10)

Directed by: Christopher Misiano (35)

Synopsis
  • Farewells and new beginnings abound as Inauguration Day arrives, with the Bartlet administration coming to an end and the Santos administration getting started.


"You did a lot of good, Jed. A lot of good." 



The final episode of The West Wing starts calmly and quietly, with dawn breaking over a cold Washington, DC, and the President-elect sipping coffee as he looks out over the capital. It's Inauguration Day, and it marks not only the beginning of a new administration, but a fond farewell to the past seven TV seasons of President Jed Bartlet.
 
It's a fitting valedictory to the series, paying tribute to the past while still looking forward to a bright future. And it also serves as a reminder of our nation's strength in tradition and norms, with the almost casual peaceful transfer of power America had seen for centuries before our most recent deterioration into the blustering, angry, destructive politics of Donald Trump and his unceasing accusations of "fraud" and violence against the very bedrock of our American democratic and electoral systems. So, in retrospect from the inaugurations of 2021 and 2024, this episode makes us yearn for that time once again, when inaugurations were peaceful national acknowledgements of election results, when transitions between administrations were cooperative, orderly, and generally smooth, and even when politicians might make decisions we might not agree with personally, they still operated within the bounds and norms of the Constitution and centuries of American history.
 
Oh, well ... enough about our "stormy present" (see what I did there?). This episode barely holds any drama - the only elements of that are the dispute between Massachusetts and New Hampshire over which state should respond to a train derailment on the border, and President Bartlet's internal struggle over whether or not to sign Toby's pardon (spoiler alert: he does). But that's fine. We roll through the day, the final morning for our West Wing staffers in the White House, and the first afternoon for the new Santos administration to start work, and the elements of the transfer are soothing in their own way.
 
The looming end of the Bartlet administration and the practical elements of the transfer of power are just neat to watch. We can see the emptiness of the West Wing as Inauguration Day dawns, with the empty shelves in Will's and CJ's offices, and the notes on computer monitors telling us files have been archived to prepare for the new staff:
 



As the day rolls on, there are more little moments about remembering the past as the future takes over. The President takes some time to say farewell to all the background staffers who did the work in the West Wing, giving us all a chance to do the same ourselves. This scene was actually the very last scene filmed for the show, so Martin Sheen was also saying goodbye to all these actors as well, which makes it even more moving to see them all standing there, watching and saying goodbye themselves.
 
 
As Jed and Abbey wait for the new First Couple to arrive from church, Jed shares a moment with his wife in the empty ballroom, remembering all the moments they'd experienced there together.
 
 
And before she leaves the building for the final time, CJ goes back into the press room, remembering how things started for her there eight years ago, standing behind that podium as she had so many times before.
 

The actual scenes of the transfer of the Oval Office are bittersweet: it's the end of an era we've watched for seven years now, but it's also a reassurance that the government and the presidency will continue to move on. Not to mention the impressive scene of fast-moving workers swapping out the furniture and decorations of one President to instantly replace them with another in the matter of minutes, including their official portraits. They roll in and roll out like a well-oiled machine, switching everything over in the Presidential office as the inaugural events take place at the Capitol.
 
 


 
One of the best things about this episode for me is the ongoing banter between Matt and Helen. I've always loved their relationship, it's so vital and connected and real, and the chemistry between Jimmy Smits and Teri Polo is always evident. Here, as the biggest day in their lives arrives, it's neat to see Helen able to keep things light, and the two riff off one another so jovially and so well.
 
It starts early, as Helen makes some remarks about Bram just knocking and then opening the door, saying they'll need a signal if they ever want some privacy (it's clear that Matt and Helen enjoy an ongoing, lively physical relationship; you remember they broke a bed at a hotel in Cleveland in The Mommy Problem). And then we get a look at how their whole political journey got started, a pathway that has led them to the White House:
Helen (helping Matt get his tie on): "'Come on, it'll be an adventure.' That's what you told me when you wanted to run for city council and I didn't want you to. 'Come on. It'll be an adventure.'"
As they leave Blair House for the final time, they joke about running away from all that is to come:

Helen: "You okay?"

Matt: "Sure."

Helen: "We could make a run for it, you know. Catch the first plane out of Dulles, head down to Panama."

Matt: "Maybe Uruguay is nice."

Helen: "Southern hemisphere, it's summer down there."

Matt: "Cheaper housing."

Helen: "You speak the language."

Matt: "Ha! What about the kids?"

Helen: "We'll send 'em a postcard."

Matt (smiling): "They'll be pissed."

Helen joshes Matt about wearing long underwear instead of a coat for the outdoor ceremonies, and just before they step onto the platform, with the emotions and the stress about as high as anybody is ever going to face in their lifetimes, there's this little exchange:

Helen: "Man, I hope Janet Spragins has her TV on."

Matt: "Who?"

Helen: "Senior year, she beat me out for the last varsity spot on the swim team."

Matt: "Guess what."

Helen: "What?"

Matt: "You win."

Helen: "Though she did get Don Vogel to take her to the prom instead of me."

Matt: "We'll call it even, then."

Helen: "Naw, pretty sure Janet had to put out so Don would take her."

(they both smile as Matt chuckles)

There's just something about the Matt and Helen dynamic that I really love.
 
There's also a satisfying payoff for Donna. She'd spent much of the first five seasons asking Josh for more responsibility, more upward career mobility, instead of being just his assistant answering his phones and making his appointments. While that led to her nearly being killed on a Congressional delegation to the Middle East in Gaza, and eventually to her leaving the White House to work with Will on Vice President Russell's campaign, she never really got what she needed working for Josh. Even when she joined the Santos campaign, she knew working directly for Josh in a new White House would never work out for her, or for any relationship they might be able to have.
 
Helen Santos to the rescue. In Transition we saw her ask Donna if she might be her chief of staff, to help her develop her path and her priorities as First Lady. Donna saw that as a prime opportunity to strike out on her own, so she and Josh could just work on their personal relationships without any professional complications. As the Santos staffers start to settle into the White House on this inaugural afternoon, Donna is shown an expansive office as the temporary quarters for the First Lady's use.
 
Donna responds that this will meet with Helen's approval, only to be told no ... this is Donna's new office, as chief of staff. Her face reflects the emotions she feels in that moment.
 

I think Donna is always easy to root for.

As for the drama, the train derailment issue (as Will puts it, perhaps President Bartlet's final act of governance) is dealt with quickly. The pardon takes a little longer. Bartlet leaves Toby's pardon sitting on his desk throughout the morning, as Debbie reminds him his time to take action on it is waning. He agonizes over the decision, wrestling with it in his mind, before finally picking up his pen and signing it.
 

A fitting act of mercy for an old friend who has done so much together with Jed. And it's also comforting for us to see CJ's reaction when she hears the news, as the shadow of a smile crosses her face.
 

CJ, of course, as well as the President, had been furious with Toby over his leaking of the classified military space shuttle to the press (CJ, particularly, because they had been so very close for so many years and then not only did he betray his responsibility to national security, he also let CJ twist in the wind as the prime suspect for weeks). But Toby did have his reasons (to rescue astronauts stranded and in danger on the International Space Station), and the final meeting we saw between CJ and Toby in Institutional Memory seemed to mend some of the rifts between them. It would be hard to imagine a final episode of the series without Toby getting a bit of forgiveness (not to mention we saw in the flash-forward of The Ticket that future Toby is apparently teaching at Columbia University and most definitely not in prison, at least three years in the future).
 
The wrapup of the episode comes with a fitting and emotional tie to someone we've lost. Mallory, Leo's daughter, stops by in the morning to give CJ a wrapped package for the President, something she's found in her father's things that she thinks Jed might want back. CJ brings the package to the Oval Office, but Debbie intercepts it to put in the baggage for the trip home to New Hampshire, after the inauguration. Finally, on the flight home, Jed takes the package out and unwraps it.
 

It's the napkin Leo slapped on that easel back in the Governor's office some ten years earlier, the first step in the process that led to Jed Bartlet's campaign for President, his election, and his two terms in office. A memory of Leo, Jed's dear friend and confidant, who passed away on election night just ten weeks earlier.
 
Even though we hadn't seen that napkin until Bartlet For America in Season 3, in the storyline of the Bartlet presidency this is where it had all began - making it perfect as the final moment of the Bartlet presidency and, by extension, The West Wing itself.
 
Then to prove the forward-looking premise of the series, as Jed gazes out the window of the airliner and Abbey asks, "What are you thinking about?" his answer ends the show with the only appropriate response.
 
 
"Tomorrow."
 
 

Let Me Take A Moment

Let me just say, thank you to everyone who's stopped by this blog, whether I directed you here from Reddit or Bluesky for a specific topic, or whether you've been following along for some time. Tracking the path of every episode in this series, one of the best-written television series ever, with some of TV's best performances to boot, was a joy for me and, I hope, worthwhile for you.

While I watched (most of) the entire series when it aired between 1999 and 2006, and had owned the complete DVD set for quite a few years, I'd never actually gone through the entire series until the slow-developing car wreck of the electoral campaigns starting in late 2015 that culminated in the election of Donald Trump in 2016. I went through the entire series on Netflix starting in late 2015, I think, finishing up sometime around the 2016 election - and as I've said before, that rewatch was actually the first time I'd ever seen Season 5 between 7A WF 83429 and Gaza

When I started this project way too long ago (I first thought about starting a blog-along rewatch in February 2017, mostly inspired by Joshua Malina and Hrishikesh Hirway and their podcast The West Wing Weekly that had debuted the previous March), I never actually dreamed it would take me this long to finish. The podcast put out an episode nearly every week, with a few breaks in there, running through the entire seven seasons of the series by January, 2020 (so a couple of months short of four years). I knew I'd never be able to put out a blog every week - I was still working my job as an air traffic controller until 2018, I did some theatre gigs, I became a grandparent, there was a global pandemic, we experienced an unprecedented weather disaster in eastern Iowa, life was, you know, life - but I did have a goal to at least cover the entire series in less time than it actually aired.

Of course, I missed that goal, lol. My report on the first episode, Pilot, was posted in late April of 2017 (and then I immediately had to post a second entry to catch up on things I'd forgotten to include). And now I'm completing the series with its finale in early April of 2025 - nearly eight years exactly to cover the seven seasons of The West Wing. My technique has grown a lot over those years, my design of the blog finally took solid shape eventually, and my system of watching/taking notes/finding screenshots/researching took a while to come together. But I'm pretty proud of how things developed in the end.

Thank you again, reader. I mainly did this for me, but I always had you in mind, too. I hope you found something interesting or thought-provoking or new over the course of this blog.


Tales Of Interest!

- The opening title card is black text on a white background, significant for the final episode. Nearly every other West Wing episode opens with the title in white text on a black background. The only exceptions are:
 
Pilot: No title card was used.
Documentary Special: Not really a West Wing in-universe episode.
Twenty Five: Black text on a white background, for Aaron Sorkin's final episode (also matches the fade-to-white ending of the previous episode Commencement).
Third-Day Story: White text over footage of the opening scene.
Liftoff: White text on a black screen which is revealed to be part of the opening scene.
Opposition Research: Black text on a gray background, for gloomy New Hampshire, I guess. 
La Palabra: White text over footage of the opening scene.
Undecideds: Black text on a white background, perhaps because the episode dealt with issues of race.
 
- I mentioned the flash-forward we saw in The Ticket earlier. That was how Season 7 began, the cold-open to the first episode of the season, "three years" into the future at the dedication of the Bartlet Presidential Library. Most often when that technique is used, which implies the entirety of what we're seeing next is a flashback to the past and the setting three years ahead is now the "present," a show bookends that scene with another at the end, going back to that "present" of three years in the future to reset the audience in the show's timeline.
 
Frankly, that would have been odd in this case - mainly due to the unexpected death of John Spencer (who did not appear in that flash-forward, so his presence didn't need to be somehow explained away), but also because the ending scene of this episode just fits so perfectly. Ending it with Jed thinking about tomorrow as he and Abbey fly back home, his time in office at an end, is the well-earned cap to the episode and the series. Adding on another scene with our friends greeting President Santos in 2009 or 2010 just wouldn't work.
 
But all of Season 7 was simply a flashback, just sayin'.
 
- It's Inauguration Day, so it's January 20, 2007. That was a Saturday, if you're interested. And, frankly, I just want to add the final scenes (Ronna telling President Santos it's almost 6:00 and he needs to get changed for the inaugural balls, and seeing the Bartlets flying their way to New Hampshire) would be taking place in darkness, as on January 20 the sun sets at 5:16 pm in Washington, DC, and at 4:43 pm in Manchester, New Hampshire.
 
- President Bartlet, famous political/constitutional nerd that he is, gets things totally wrong about exactly who decided to have the inauguration happen in January.
Abbey: "Who in his right mind decided that January would be the best time of year to hold an outdoor ceremony north of the equator?"

Jed: "Jefferson. Adams. Franklin."

Abbey: "They should have lined them up and shot 'em."

Jed: "That's what King George had in mind."

Abbey: "January 20?"

Jed: "They got a few things right."

He blames Jefferson, Adams, and Franklin - but the original Constitution had the inauguration happening on March 4, four months after the election. That made sense when news traveled only as fast as a horse could carry it, and getting information spread throughout the original thirteen states took weeks or months, but it wasn't their idea to have it in January. That came in 1933, under President Franklin D. Roosevelt, when the 20th Amendment moved the beginning of Congressional terms to January 3 and the start of the Presidential term to January 20.
 
- Josh and Donna are seen waking up in bed together. This is the first time we've seen them since Transition, when they went off on their week vacation as a couple. So that's apparently worked out okay for them.
 

- There is indeed an Amtrak line that runs between Exeter, New Hampshire, and Haverhill, Massachusetts, and it does cross the state line (although that's practically on the edge of Haverhill). It's doubtful a derailment there would actually result in a dispute between the states over whose responsibility it would be, but you know ... TV drama.
 
(Haverhill, Massachusetts, is actually pronounced "HAY-ver-ill," not "HAVE-er-hill," but maybe Kate doesn't know that.)
 
- The scene with President Bartlet walking through the West Wing, saying goodbye to the staff, was actually the very last scene filmed - not only the final scene of the episode, but the final shooting day of the entire series. So that added some emotion and depth to the entire exchange, as Martin Sheen was also saying goodbye to these background actors and less-central characters like Ed and Larry (Peter James Smith and William Duffy). There was a real sense of finality to have all those people, many of whom had spent several years working on the show, walking through corridors, passing papers back and forth, never having a line spoken out loud, stand there and pay a bit of tribute to Sheen as the series came to its final end.
 
And, then of course, a bit of humor and double meanings with Bartlet/Sheen's words to Nancy, who was played by Sheen's real-life daughter, Renée Estevez:
President: "Nancy, how's your mother doing?"

Nancy: "She's fine now, Mr. President."

President: "Tell her I'm looking forward to seeing her again soon, would you please?"

Nancy: "Absolutely, sir." 

When Bartlet/Sheen asks Nancy about her mother and asks her to tell her he'll see her soon, he's talking about his real-life wife (and Renée's mom) Janet Sheen, whom Martin will indeed see soon once this final scene wraps. It's a neat little Easter egg.

- Let's note where we find out some of these people end up:
 
Of course Josh is Matt's Chief of Staff, like Leo to President Bartlet.
 
Sam will be Josh's deputy, as Josh was to Leo. 

Ronna is going to be the Presidential secretary, like Debbie Fiderer and Mrs. Landingham before her. An important role, to be sure, but it sure does seem like Ronna is qualified for other, perhaps more high-profile jobs in this administration.
 
Bram is taking over Charlie's office. That was originally Sam's office, then sat empty for a short time until Will took it over, then sat empty for a long time after Will moved to Bob Russell's staff, then was Annabeth's office, and finally saw Charlie moving in there after Annabeth went off to Leo's campaign. But I guess we don't know exactly what Bram's title will be ... something in the Communications Department, for sure. Since he's in the Oval with Josh and Sam in that later scene, he must be a Senior Adviser.
 
Annabeth is going to be Helen's press secretary ... that seems like a real downgrade for her, given her work inside the West Wing after Toby's departure and her role running Leo's VP campaign.
 
Donna will be Helen's Chief of Staff, which we saw being offered to her in Transition and keeps her from working in any way under Josh's chain of command, which will be good for both of them. 

We don't see her in this episode, but Louise is going to be the Communications Director (so she'll take over Toby's/Will's office, I imagine). No word on who the press secretary will be.
 
As for poor Otto, who got chewed out by a frazzled and overworked Josh in Transition just because he had the gall to say he didn't want to just be an assistant ... we don't know where he ends up.

- We get a good look at Toby's actual pardon. It looks pretty official, like a Presidential pardon might, but notice ... the year is left off, just completely blank:
 
 
It's so funny to see the show trying to maintain the fiction that this universe can't be set in any particular time or actual year, when we know the first Christmas episode, In Excelsis Deo, was clearly set in 1999 (they're talking about the upcoming millennium of 2000), and we know Bartlet's re-election came in 2002 (in 17 People Toby specifically mentions the year, saying, "Leo, has there been a discussion in some room, someplace, anywhere, on any level, about Hoynes being dropped from the ticket in 2002?"). Even though Aaron Sorkin himself tried to pretend there weren't any actual signposts of what year it was (in his DVD commentary for 18th And Potomac he fell all over himself saying Sam's mention of "millennium things" in the White House basement was a "mistake," "we don't have actual years mentioned in this show" - Aaron, you wrote much of In Excelsis Deo and all of 17 People, you put those years in there yourself!), it's clear Bartlet was elected in 1998, re-elected in 2002, and therefore Santos won the election in 2006, making this January of 2007. Even though the actual timeline gets jumbled around Liftoff and the series skips over a year, it doesn't change the fact of what year the Presidential election falls in.
 
(It's also interesting to see the phrase "His trial is pending" on the pardon, when he's already told CJ he has to report to the federal prison, which implies his trial is done and his sentence has been handed down.)

- The inaugural platform supposedly outside the Capitol was actually built in the parking lot at the Warner Brothers studios in Los Angeles.
 

 
- Gail's fishbowl looks to be just the White House on a bed of green gravel, much like it's been since Transition. Some sharp-eyed viewers say there's a "That's All, Folks" sign included in a later shot, but I'm not sure I see that.
 

Maybe there's a sign there, but I can't read it

- As CJ exits the White House grounds for the final time, accosted by a couple of tourists, we see the White House from Pennsylvania Avenue. Being this is supposed to be Inauguration Day, there would be a huge viewing stand for the inaugural parade standing right there in front of the fence, blocking the view of the White House. Of course, this wasn't actually filmed during an actual inauguration (it was probably filmed in February or March of 2006), so there's no viewing stand there.
 
 
- Martin Sheen was nominated for the Emmy Award for Outstanding Lead Actor in a Drama Series for this episode. It was his sixth nomination in that category for The West Wing, but he never took the trophy, losing to James Gandolfini for The Sopranos multiple times. This year the Emmy went to Kiefer Sutherland for his role in 24.

- Why'd They Come Up With Tomorrow?
As a forward-thinking series should, the final scene has Abbey and Jed on the Presidential aircraft, flying back to New Hampshire after his job as President has been handed off to Matt Santos. Abbey asks, "What are you thinking about?" and Jed replies, "Tomorrow."

(In the current era of streaming and binge-watching, it could be fitting to have Jed reply, "Two Absolut martinis up, another Dewars rocks" in order to fade right into the beginning of Pilot, to start the whole story over again.)




Quotes   

Margaret: "We're supposed to leave our credentials at the front desk when we exit the building, and they've asked that we vacate our parking spaces by 2 pm."

CJ: "Not a problem, I walked today."

Margaret: "Really?"

CJ: "Yes, I often walk."

Margaret: "You do?"

CJ: "Sometimes I walk. I'm gonna walk a lot more when I get back to California."

Margaret: "Los Angeles being a pedestrian nirvana."

----- 

President (to Will and Kate, as he's choosing which governor to talk to first): "Pick a number, two or four."

Will: "Two."

Kate (simultaneously): "Four."

I love the President's quick glare here

-----

Helen: "Didn't a two-hour inaugural address kill a President once?"

Matt: "William Henry Harrison, but, uh, you know, he was 68 and, uh, he refused to wear a coat."

Helen: "You refuse to wear a coat."

Matt: "But I'm wearing long underwear."

Helen: "Oh."

----- 

Steve: "President Bartlet pardoned Toby Ziegler today. Any comment?"

CJ: "Nope."

Steve: "You have an opinion?"

CJ: "Sure, I do." (she exits)




Story threads, callbacks, and familiar faces (Hey, it's that guy!)
  • The Chief Usher, Curtis Schaefer (played by Van Epperson) is seen again, preparing the White House staff for their move out of the building. We saw him previously meeting with Helen and CJ in Transition.

  • Leo's daughter Mallory (Allison Smith) returns, with a farewell gift for the President from Leo's things.

  • Good old Ron Butterfield (Michael O'Neill), head of the White House Secret Service detail, is seen. It's kind of weird, though ... oddly in his recent appearances he's been on Santos' detail, not President Bartlet's, so who knows what his actual assignment is at the moment.

  • Here's the flat-top gray-haired actor who can be seen in the background of literally dozens of West Wing episodes, here referred to as "Ray" as the President makes his farewells.

  • Ed and Larry get their personal goodbyes from the President.

  • As does Nancy, who is played by Martin Sheen's daughter, Renée Estevez.

  • It's Ginger (Kim Webster)! She nearly disappeared from the show after early Season 5 (since Han she had only been seen in Impact Winter), but she's here for the finale.

  • A glimpse of Republican candidate (and future Secretary of State) Arnold Vinick on the inaugural podium.

  • Another little Easter egg sees series creator (and writer of nearly every episode over the first four seasons) Aaron Sorkin as one of the attendees on the inaugural platform.

  • We saw some conflict over who would take over as the Democratic Speaker of the House in Requiem. Now we discover it was indeed Rep. Mark Sellner (John Getz) who won the speakership, the one who vowed to stand in the way of Matt's lobbyist and funding reforms.

  • Sam returns to the White House ("Home sweet home," he says). You may note while we see Donna, Ronna, Bram, and Annabeth in the group, there's no sign of Louise or Otto.


  • There's reporter Steve (Charles Noland), trying to get one last answer out of CJ before she leaves the press room for the final time.

  • Toby's old Spaldeen shows up, one of the last items left in Will's office. Toby bounced it off the wall to help him think (most famously in 17 People), and he left one behind for Will when he took over as Communications Director.


  • The Josh and Donna storyline, stretching all the way back to the beginning (Janel Moloney has said she played Donna as being secretly in love with Josh from the start), looks to wrap up with them as a couple. Also CJ and Danny as a couple, which we already saw will happen in the future in The Ticket, as CJ tells Josh she has a flight to California the next morning to meet him.
  • Will keeps getting asked about leaving a note in the flak jacket for the incoming press secretary. As we saw in Access, there is a real-life tradition of White House press secretaries leaving notes in a "flak jacket" (actually a men's vest with a bulletproof lining) for their successors. The tradition started in 1977 when Ron Nessen, President Ford's press secretary, left a note for the incoming Carter staff.
  • We see President Bartlet using a cane, which reminds us, of course, of his multiple sclerosis. That was first revealed in He Shall, From Time To Time ..., was the subject of a congressional investigation and eventual censure in Seasons 2 and 3, but only popped up at dramatically important times (Election Night, for one, but then disappeared again until A Change Is Gonna Come and the trip to China). After Impact Winter, President Bartlet used a cane intermittently, but hadn't been seen with it much prior to this episode. And, naturally, Abbey's emotional "Jed ... you made it. You're still here" in the car after the inauguration reflected her concern about his condition perhaps making it impossible for him to carry out that second term, or (as she feared), perhaps ending his life before then. 

  • The President is also wearing a Notre Dame fleece jacket. Martin Sheen asked that Jed Bartlet be a graduate of Notre Dame before agreeing to take the role.

  • CJ mentioning Sam's return to the White House when she's talking with Mallory reminds us that Sam and Mallory were kind of a thing in the early seasons. By Galileo Mallory had moved on to a professional hockey player but Sam was still a bit smitten with her.
  •  The move to name Eric Baker as Vice President/Arnie Vinick as Secretary of State (finalized in The Last Hurrah) comes up in the discussion between CJ and Josh. 
  • Charlie going to law school has been a priority of President Bartlet's pretty much ever since Charlie came to work for him in A Proportional Response. Also, the gift of the Constitution and the emotion between the two emphasizes how Charlie was the son Jed never had.
  • The ongoing military operation in Kazakhstan is mentioned, not only by the Cardinal at the mass Matt and Helen attend, but also as a topic of the Joint Chiefs discussion Matt brings up with Josh and Sam. That storyline stretches all the way back to the mysterious Mr. Frost bringing up Kazakhstan with Vinick in Message Of The Week.
  • The issue of Toby's pardon stretches back to his leaking of classified information about a secret military space shuttle in order to save astronauts trapped on the International Space Station. The ISS emergency started in Things Fall Apart; Toby admitted to the leak in Mr. Frost; he was fired and walked out of the White House in Here Today; and we've seen him dealing with plea bargaining/trial dates throughout the latter part of Season 7. The notion of a pardon was brought up by Andy, his ex-wife, in Institutional Memory, and we see the final decision in this episode.
  • There's photographs of Zoey and Ellie on the Oval Office desk as the movers pack up.


  • Chief Justice Evelyn Baker Lang is announced as administering the oath of office to Matt to swear him in as President. Lang, of course, was played by Glenn Close in The Supremes, the episode where President Bartlet made a historic move to put both a liberal and a staunch conservative on the Supreme Court at the same time. Close was either unavailable or too expensive for the scene, leading to actress Ann Ryerson standing in.

Not Glenn Close

  • Colonel Gantry remains the pilot of Air Force One (not technically Air Force One in this episode, as Bartlet is no longer President; it'd have a "Special Air Mission" callsign). I believe we first heard the name as Lieutenant Col. Gantry in Manchester Part I and The Two Bartlets; there was a Col. Weiskopf flying the plane in Angel Maintenance; and then Gantry returned as pilot and a full Colonel in Disaster Relief.
  • Of course the napkin Mallory returns to Jed from Leo's things dates back to Bartlet For America, the napkin Leo slaps on the easel in Governor Bartlet's office to inspire him to run, and was given back to Leo by the President on the Christmas Eve Leo was testifying before Congress about Bartlet's MS coverup ("That was awfully nice of you").


  • WHAT'S NEXT moment: As Matt settles into the Oval Office, he asks, "What's next?" leading into a discussion with Josh about his upcoming priorities. It's a very nice callback to President Bartlet's continued use of "What's next?" throughout the series, first seen in Pilot.


DC location shots    
  • Blair House, the residence just across Pennsylvania Avenue from the White House and where the Santos' were staying before the inauguration, is seen in a couple of shots.

 
Blair House during a state visit from Queen Elizabeth II in 2007

Matt and Helen on Pennsylvania Avenue outside Blair House

  • The archway where the motorcades arrive at "the Capitol" is actually at the EPA Building along Constitution Avenue. This location has been used several times before in the series.

(That's the Smithsonian Museum of American History across the street)

 
View of the entrance to the archway from Constitution Avenue

  • CJ walks out of the northwest gate of the White House along Pennsylvania Avenue. 


 


They Do Exist! It's The Real Person, or Thing    
  • We hear references to C-SPAN and CNN, and see the MSNBC logo once again.


  • We hear that Helen and Matt are going to attend services at "Holy Trinity" before visiting the Bartlets in the White House prior to the inauguration. There is a Holy Trinity Catholic church in Georgetown, less than three miles from the White House.


  • Helen tells Matt she's not dancing to You Can Leave Your Hat On at the inaugural balls (a song written by Randy Newman and made famous by Joe Cocker).
  • John F. Kennedy and his famous inaugural address ("Ask not what your country can do for you") comes up a couple of times. William Henry Harrison and his death in office only a month after being inaugurated also is brought up, in connection with Matt not wearing a coat for the inaugural address.


 


End credits freeze frame: The freshly sworn-in President Santos taking his seat behind the Resolute desk for the first time.




Previous episode: Institutional Memory

Sunday, March 23, 2025

Institutional Memory - TWW S7E21







Original airdate: May 7, 2006

Written by: Debora Cahn (15)

Directed by: Lesli Linka Glatter (7)

Synopsis
  • With two weeks left in the Bartlet administration, CJ faces big decisions on her future - what to do with her professional life, her personal life, and her friendship with Toby, including whether she should advocate for a pardon. Will faces a big decision, too, whether to stay in DC and see where his relationship with Kate goes or to follow his passion and run for office in Oregon.


"It's hard to get excited about anything after this." 



Time running out has been a theme of The West Wing for a while now, certainly since Internal Displacement and maybe even since 365 Days - time running out on the Bartlet administration, running out on the White House staffers we've been following for seven seasons, and running out on the series itself. We've had wrap-up episodes, of sorts, with Josh (Transition) and Vinick (The Last Hurrah) and a farewell to Leo (Requiem). And with this episode, we turn to CJ, and her coming to grips with time running out both professionally and personally. It's a tour de force for Allison Janney, who received a well-deserved Emmy nomination for Outstanding Lead Performance by an Actress in a Drama Series for this episode. And it's a terrific entry by writer Debora Cahn, who sets up the drama of decision-making with some excellent structural script stuff.
 
We start with CJ and Danny - they've finally connected (after Danny had been romancing her since all the way back in Season 1) and are spending a lot of nights together. But CJ is still "the busiest girl in America," with her days fully scheduled and no time to talk about the future - well, not until after the inauguration, she tells Danny.
 
The rest of the morning sees those signposts of finality coming up right in CJ's face - "You're not filing, you're packing," she says to Margaret, as she sees the mountains of boxes piled up in her office. Two budget guys complain about her demand to include revenue enhancers in the final Bartlet budget in order to cut the deficit, a budget request that will never be considered by Congress and will hardly even see the light of day. And she's frustrated by West Wing staffers failing to submit their transition memos, guidelines for the incoming Santos staffers who will replace them.
 
And then CJ gets a surprise. The post-administration job offers have been piling up, mostly seats on corporate boards that would only require a few hours of work a month, which doesn't appeal to her at all. When a wealthy tech mogul stops by personally to give her another offer, she's expecting more of the same - but Franklin Hollis agrees that a board seat would only be a huge waste of her time. He has something else in mind.

Hollis: "I want to find a single problem I can attack, something which might have some kind of substantive effect. Maybe I should be ... fighting AIDS in Africa, or maybe it's malaria, could be clean air, or election reform, I don't know. But my sense is that you would have a unique perspective on what that could be and how to make it happen."

CJ: "A single problem."

Hollis: "It's a complicated question --"

CJ: "Highways. Is what you're looking for."

Hollis: "Really."

CJ: "It's not sexy. No one will ever raise money for it. But nine out of ten African aid projects fail because the medicine or the personnel can't get to the people in need."

Hollis: "Infrastructure's the problem."

CJ: "Blanket the continent with highways and then maybe get started on plumbing."

Hollis: "Also not sexy."

CJ: "Makes for a lousy telethon."

Hollis: "It does. Well, if you think that's what needs fixing, I'll give you ten billion dollars to fix it."

Now that's a job CJ actually might find intriguing.
 
On top of that job offer, she goes to Matt's office to listen to what she expects will be a pro forma obligatory offer to stay on with the next administration, one she'll politely listen to and then turn down. Matt comes at her from an unexpected direction, though - this is no pretense of a job, Matt absolutely wants CJ to stay on as a critical part of his agenda.
Matt (as Ronna interrupts his meeting with CJ): "I'd love to talk to you more about this, but they've kinda got me on a sprint today. So I see I'm gonna have to make this fast and dirty, I'm the President-elect of the United States, I'm asking you to help your country so I'm probably not going to take 'no' for an answer, so you go home and you think about it and you call me back with a 'yes.'"
Which seems like a lot less fun than Hollis' offer, but also more like a demand from the incoming President.
 
She also gets taken aback by a visit from Andy, the congresswoman from Maryland who is also Toby's ex-wife and the mother of their 3 1/2 year old twins. Toby is facing prison time after admitting to leaking classified information about a secret military space shuttle to the press, in order to force the President's hand to rescue astronauts suffocating on the International Space Station. With President Bartlet only in office for two more weeks, Andy has a request - would CJ please bring up the subject of a pardon for Toby with the President?
 
With Toby's leak being a betrayal of both the President and CJ herself (remember, CJ was being hung out to dry as the top suspect in the investigation, and Toby let her be the target for quite a while before he copped to the leak), it's a real long shot. But CJ promises to think about it.
 
So she's already got plenty on her mind when the clever structure of the episode brings Danny back around in the middle of the day. He drops by to take CJ out for lunch. Or for a hot dog, at least. Or maybe just for a walk, to get out of the White House for 20 minutes. "It's important," he says - although I think he means it's just important that they spend some time together outside the "booty calls" at his apartment, not that he has anything important he needs to bring up.
 
As they walk, he asks CJ about her day. She tells him she'll have to turn down the job with Hollis and agree to take the position with the Santos administration, because it's her duty to the country, I guess. Danny does not take this well, partly because it delays the discussion over their future past the inauguration into a poorly defined sometime down the road, but mainly because she's making these decisions about her life without even including him in the conversation.
CJ: "We don't have that kind of relationship yet."

Danny: "Apparently."

As their talk deteriorates into recriminations and acrimony, Danny tries to get down to brass tacks, to figure out exactly where he stands in whatever-it-is he and CJ have. The answer does not go well for him.

Danny: "Look, I'm not trying to turn you into Doris Day. I know, if we have a future together I'll be Mr. CJ Cregg, that's fine. But you don't even see me in the picture, do you?"

(CJ uncomfortably looks away and doesn't answer)

Danny (hurt): "Thank you. That's useful information." (he walks away)

So CJ is not in the best of moods when she returns to the White House. After dealing with Matt over the budget language (he's not a fan), she's confronted with the pardon issue again - and the necessity that she needs to talk to Toby.

CJ hasn't talked to Toby since the events of Here Today, when he confessed being the leaker to her and was then escorted out of her office. Even though they've been friends for years - we learned in In The Shadow Of Two Gunmen Part II that their paths had crossed prior to the first Bartlet campaign, and they've been very close (even flirtatious) pals throughout the entire series - the betrayal CJ felt was so massive and so complete, she just never felt like she could talk with him again. But since he hadn't personally requested a pardon from the President, she knows she needs to discuss the topic with him.

The meeting is touchy once the pardons come up - "For a moment I thought you came here because you gave a crap and wanted to see how I was doing!" Toby snaps at her - but they can't stay angry for long. Their friendship means too much, and with Toby set to head off to prison for a couple of years, they both realize this could be the last time in a long time they'll have this opportunity.

I love the image of CJ, who insisted she wasn't hungry and turned down Toby's offer of some chicken, just picking at the chicken and eating it the entire time anyway.


And as the conversation turns to the future, and CJ's decision on dealing with Santos and Hollis and Danny and, well, everything, Toby has perhaps the wisest counsel CJ has heard yet.

Toby: "I think you don't know why you came here. You're a woman with a lot of options - you're acting like the world's backing you into a corner, bouncing from one thing to the next, from Bartlet to Santos to Danny to me. Maybe you should stop bouncing and pick something. What do you want?"

CJ seems to realize she never has actually considered what she wants out of all the choices facing her, both professionally and personally. The final hug with Toby says a lot about how these two feel about each other.
 
 
And CJ heads out to her car, with her driver asking "Where to?" and her standing there on the sidewalk, considering.
 
To the only possible place, given the structure of the script. It started with Danny, it might have ended with Danny in the middle, but now it's back to Danny. CJ stands outside the door, swaying back and forth nervously on her feet while the Secret Service checks Danny's apartment, and then she admits ... she doesn't know how to do this. She doesn't know how to have a relationship. She doesn't know how to have a partner, how to share her life with someone else, she's missed her window and maybe she'll never be able to learn.
 
Danny says he'll train her (that goes over particularly well - "we'll call it something else," he says), but when CJ tries to start by flat-out asking Danny what job he wants her to take, he gets right to the point. It's not about him deciding for her - it's about them deciding together. And just talking about it. It's one of the sweetest moments in the entire seven seasons of the show.

Danny: "I want you to do what you want. Take the job at the White House, I just want you to talk to me about it, I want us to talk about what it would mean and how we'll make it work. I want us to talk like we're going to figure it out together. I want us to talk - because I like the sound of your voice. I just want to talk."

(pause. CJ and Danny look at one another)

CJ: "Franklin Hollis wants me to take ten billion dollars and go and fix the world."

Danny: "That sounds like fun. Does that sound like fun to you?"

(CJ nods)

Danny: "Do you want to work at the White House?"

(CJ stares at Danny, then slowly shakes her head. They smile at each other)

CJ: "There's a typo in the Constitution."

Danny: "Well, someone should look into that."

CJ: "Toby's going to deal with it."

Danny: "Okay. What else?"

(If you recall the opening scene of The Ticket, set a few years into the future at the opening of the Bartlet Presidential Library, we know CJ and Danny are together, have a child, and are living in California - apparently doing that work for Franklin Hollis.)
 
Speaking of futures and relationships, I also want to mention Will and Kate. They've been growing into some kind of a relationship for a while now: after casting curious glances at each other during the DNC gala in Drought Conditions, Will served as Kate's plus-one at Ellie's wedding, and then they had their first official "date" in Will's office watching the Vice Presidential debate. Now they're spending most of their nights together, and trying to figure out what their personal future might hold as their jobs in the White House end. Will actually has an interview at the Democratic Congressional Campaign Committee, where he'd help direct campaigns across the nation while staying in DC, where Kate is also expecting to stay with whatever her future career holds.
Will (talking about the job opportunity at the DCCC): "Nice place to work. I get my hands in a lot of races without the water torture of any one race, and I stay in Washington, which is nice."

Kate: "You think?"

Will: "Yeah. I mean, no pressure, but I like the idea of giving the future an opportunity to unfold of its own accord."

Kate: "Our future?"

Will: "Yeah."

Kate: "I like that idea, too."

So they're both definitely thinking along the lines of staying together for a while. When Will is at the DCCC, though, there's something about a House race in Oregon that seems to catch his attention, a district where a mean, son-of-a-bitch Republican holds the seat and Will thinks he's beatable.
 
 
But he's still figuring on staying with the DCCC in Washington, as he searches for a suitable candidate to run in Oregon. He has no luck, which starts to sour him on the whole job, until he talks things out with Kate.

Kate: "What are you looking for if Oregon weren't a factor?"

Will: "Race needs a fresh face. Somebody smart but not so wonky that you can't put him in front of a TV camera."

Kate: "Well, don't worry about that, find someone you like. You can always coach him through talking on the camera. I mean, after the press secretary stint you pretty much have that down."

Will: "More or less."

Kate: "And God knows you know all there is to know about policy and campaigning, and you can probably push a monkey through the process. Between your Washington experience and your local politics experience ..."

(Kate stops. She realizes something. She looks at Will. Will looks back, as the idea dawns)



Will: "No. It doesn't make any sense."

Kate: "Yeah, it does."

Will: "It doesn't. I'm not moving to Oregon, for one thing."

Kate: "Of course you are."

Will: "No, I'm not. We're --"

Kate: "We're what? You'll win, you should run."

Will: "No, I won't, and --"

Kate: "It's the right thing to do --"

Will: "No, seriously --"

Kate: "You'll win."

(pause)

Will: "You could ..."

Kate: "What? Move to Oregon?"

Will: "I don't know --"

Kate: "I'm not moving to Oregon --"

Will: "This is stupid, I'm not moving to Oregon either."

Kate: "No, I think you are."

So things might be up personally between these two, and Will may be running for the House. (Again, from the future-set scene in The Ticket, we discovered Will indeed becomes a Representative, and Kate is an author, and they do not appear to be together.) 

But in the end, as the clock continues to run out on the administration, these jobs, and this TV series: this episode belongs to CJ, as she faces down a long list of choices that will make up her future, and finally decides - instead of doing what's expected of her - to choose what makes her happy.
 
 

Tales Of Interest!

- We hear a couple of times that there are two weeks left until the inauguration. With January 20, 2007, being a Saturday (and one mention of someone moving on "Friday" but Will says it's happening "today" instead), this must be the first or maybe early in the second week of January.

- Still no sign of Josh and Donna - although, being a White House-centric episode with only a short scene in Matt's President-elect quarters, it's not that strange to not see them (you'd think Josh'd be there to welcome CJ to Matt's office, but he is pretty busy). Remember, Josh and Donna took a "week" off to fly to a beach somewhere in Transition, which was set in mid-November;  we didn't see them in The Last Hurrah (which was early December, just before the Electoral College met) and they would have been back by then, let alone January.
 
- You would think Sam would have been there to see CJ, though ... he came back to work for Josh in Transition, and we're led to believe he hasn't really seen any of his old West Wing pals since he lost his California special election run in Red Haven's On Fire. Wouldn't he want to see CJ, given the chance?

- CJ tells Kate "You've been here two years, it looks different on the far side of eight." Kate was first seen as Nancy's National Security designee in Talking Points, which aired in spring 2004 when the show was still pretty much aligned with the actual calendar, and was definitely before the roadside bombing that nearly killed Donna and before the 2004 midterms (that slipped into the "missing year" that happened in early Season 6). So she's been here almost three years of the administration, even though it's been just two years of the series.

- There's a sign on the "green grass" of Gail's fishbowl, which looks pretty much exactly how it looked in The Last Hurrah (the previous episode, about three weeks ago in show time). I can't read the sign, but it appears to be a "For Sale" type realty sign in the "yard."
 
 

- Allison Janney was nominated for the Outstanding Performance by a Lead Actress in a Drama Series Emmy for this episode - she's terrific (the swaying back and forth on her feet while she waits to come into Danny's apartment is just a fantastic acting choice, for one example). That award went to Mariska Hargitay for Law & Order: Special Victims Unit. This was Janney's sixth Emmy nomination for The West Wing, with four wins (Outstanding Supporting Actress in Seasons 1 and 2, Outstanding Lead Actress in Seasons 3 and 5).

- Why'd They Come Up With Institutional Memory?
The idea of "institutional memory," as Matt says directly to CJ, is to keep on some of the knowledge and background of a past administration or past business operation as the leadership changes, in order to make a smoother and better transition, instead of having an abrupt shift and having people come in to "reinvent the wheel" or learn how to do things on their own without help from those they're replacing. CJ also is dealing with lot of other "memory" issues, such as what she feels about Danny and her friendship with Toby.



Quotes   

Margaret (telling CJ her interview is in the Roosevelt Room): "It's not a headhunter from Hollis, it's Franklin Hollis."

Will: "Franklin Hollis is in the Roosevelt Room?" (He goes to look)

Margaret: "Yes."

CJ: "No, he's not."

Margaret: "What do I get out of lying in this moment?"

Will (looking into the Roosevelt Room): "Franklin Hollis is in the Roosevelt Room."

CJ: "Really?"

Kate (entering): "Hey. There's a guy in the Roosevelt Room looks just like Frank Hollis, the hair, glasses, whole bit."

Will: "It's Frank Hollis."

Kate: "Really?"

Margaret: "He just bought an island. And Montana."

CJ: "He didn't buy Montana, he bought ... most of Montana."

----- 

Toby: "I read the Constitution, I think I found a typo."

CJ: "In the Constitution?"

Toby: "Yeah."

CJ: "Did you call the publisher?"

Toby: "I think it's a typo in the original."

 


Story threads, callbacks, and familiar faces (Hey, it's that guy!)

  • The character actors David Hornsby (It's Always Sunny In Philadelphia, The Goldbergs) as Fred and Matt Malloy (Alpha House, Six Feet Under, Election, Paradise, tons of other appearances) as Herb are seen as the budget guys reluctant to put CJ's "revenue enhancers" into the budget request.

  • The wealthy tech billionaire Franklin Hollis is played by Xander Berkeley (Nikita, Air Force One, Apollo 13, The Walking Dead).

  • Andy (Kathleen York) returns, to ask CJ to consider a pardon for Toby, her ex-husband and father of their twins. She was last seen at Leo's funeral in Requiem, then before that at Halloween in Welcome To Wherever You Are.

  • The CJ-Danny romance has been sort of an on-and-off thing since the beginning, from Danny giving Gail the goldfish as a gift in Enemies to them flirting and kissing occasionally to Danny's request that they "jump off a cliff together" in Internal Displacement
  • The Will-Kate romance has been going on since, well, Drought Conditions, when they stole thoughtful glances at each other at the snack table during the DNC gala. Kate then was seen watching Will's behind leave the room in Undecideds, in The Wedding Kate asked Will to be his plus-one for Ellie's wedding, they had a date (in Will's office) during the Vice Presidential debate in Running Mates, and by The Cold Kate was accidentally leaving her underthings in Will's apartment after staying the night.
  • Andy's visit to CJ and the mention of the twins is a reminder of the Andy-Toby marriage that apparently dissolved between the events of the first transition (seen in Debate Camp) and Pilot, as well as the twins Molly and Huck that were born in Twenty Five.
  • Toby's upcoming prison sentence and the anger at him from CJ and the President stem from Toby's leak of a secret military space shuttle to the press, so that astronauts could be rescued from the International Space Station. We first learned of the military shuttle in Things Fall Apart, and Toby confessed to being the leaker in Mr. Frost/Here Today
  • Matt appears to be surprised by CJ's "good cop/bad cop" gambit over the budget (submitting a final Bartlet budget request that has some outrageous item like a 50-cent-per-gallon gasoline tax, so any Santos budget proposal will look better in comparison). He shouldn't be surprised, he's the master at that, and he literally just tried it with the Vice President situation and Arnold Vinick in The Last Hurrah.
  • Speaking of Vinick, he's apparently accepted Matt's offer for him to be Secretary of State from The Last Hurrah. I also have to say, good job on not letting things leak: it's been about three weeks since Matt offered him the job (about December 12 to early January here), yet both CJ and Toby are caught by surprise with the news.
  • Matt mentions upping the limit on income subject to the Social Security tax when he's asking CJ if there's some other budget requests they could have made instead of the huge gas tax increase. I thought that had already been done with Toby came up with his Hail Mary idea to fix Social Security in Slow News Day.


DC location shots    
  • CJ and Will walk from the White House gate west on Pennsylvania Avenue towards the Eisenhower Executive Office Building on 17th Street NW (in reality, people going from the West Wing to the EEOB would literally walk across the street between the two [W Executive Avenue NW], but that's all fenced off and unavailable for a TV series to film at).

  • I think I found the street shown at the beginning of the episode, where Danny's apartment apparently is.

The only streets in the DC area that still have old streetcar tracks are O and P Streets NW in Georgetown, more specifically the blocks from 32nd Street to 35th Street. This appears to be looking west on O Street NW at the corner with 35th Street.

 

 

Here you can see the passageway door between the red building and the blue building in the original shot; also the one tree trunk that leans further out over O Street.

Passageway & tree in Google Street View

Looks like the same doorway & tree from the shot in the episode

(It helped that I had to track down streetcar tracks in the street to find Jeanane's apartment, where Sam and Laurie were caught by the photographer, in Lies, Damn Lies and Statistics, which was literally just a block east of this location in the 3400 block of O Street NW - so I had a head start about where to look for this location. I know, I know ... nerd.) 

  • I'm not sure about the street scene with Danny and CJ discussing their future. It certainly appears to be the same look/season as all the DC location shots we've seen since Requiem (which would have all been done during the same location shooting trip), but I don't see anything definitive. Actually, the newspaper machines seen next to CJ when she's deciding where to go after talking to Toby look to be the same as the ones we see on the street when Danny and CJ are walking - which makes me think these were both studio-shot scenes in California (they wouldn't have flown the Secret Service agent-actors cross country for that nighttime scene; plus there's really no reason to have Timothy Busfield flown to DC for that one street scene, either).

 


They Do Exist! It's The Real Person, or Thing    
  • Danny mentions going to "Barton's" for dinner. I couldn't find a history of any Barton's restaurant in the DC area.
  • There are some fleeting glimpses of the MSNBC logo on TV screens.

  • CJ says Margaret should get Hollis a Coke while he waits for her.
  • We've seen things that look like proclamations on the West Wing walls before (both with photos of George HW Bush and Dan Quayle and with Bill Clinton and Al Gore). Here's one with Clinton and Gore. Of course, there was no Clinton-Gore administration in The West Wing universe.

  • CJ says Toby is sentenced to Petersburg. There is a federal low-security prison called FCI Petersburg between Richmond and Petersburg, Virginia, not all that far from Washington.



End credits freeze frame: CJ and Matt meeting in his office.



Previous episode: The Last Hurrah
Next episode: Tomorrow